Key to codes

The following are codes that may be referred to on the website or in the biennial reports.

Ringing Schemes

Country codes are only shown if the bird was not ringed with a BTO ring.

BLB Belgium, Bruxelles
CIJ Channel Islands, Jersey
DDH Germany, Hiddensee
DEH Germany, Hiddensee
DEW Germany, Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland)
DFH Germany, Wilhelmshaven (Helgoland)
DKC Denmark, Copenhagen
ESI Spain, Madrid
FRP France, Paris
HES Switzerland, Sempach
ISR Iceland, Reykjavik
NAW USA, Washington
NLA the Netherlands, Arnhem
NOO Norway, Zoological Museum (Oslo)
NOS Norway, Stavanger
PLG Poland, Gdansk
POL Portugal, Lisbon
SFH Finland, Helsinki
SVS Sweden, Stockholm


Age at ringing

1 pullus (nestling or chick)
2 fully grown, year of hatching unknown
3 hatched during calendar year of ringing
4 hatched before caledar year of ringing, exact year unknown
5 hatched during previous calendar year
6 hatched before previous calendar year, exact year unknown
7 definitely hatched two calendar years before ringing
8 hatched more than two calendar years before year of ringing


Condition at recovery

X pullus (nestling or chick)
XF fully grown, year of hatching unknown
XL hatched during calendar year of ringing
+ hatched before caledar year of ringing, exact year unknown
+F hatched during previous calendar year
S hatched before previous calendar year, exact year unknown
V definitely hatched two calendar years before ringing
VV hatched more than two calendar years before year of ringing
R pullus (nestling or chick)
RR pullus (nestling or chick)
// pullus (nestling or chick)